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At present, the energy storage technology is relatively mature and has the most rapid development momentum. It is also the energy storage method that is most closely related to wind and solar power generation. In 2021, lithium-ion batteries will account for 89.7% of the installed electrochemical energy storage capacity in my country.

The lithium-ion energy storage industry chain consists of upstream equipment manufacturers, midstream integrators and downstream end users. The equipment includes batteries, EMS (energy management system), BMS (battery management system), and PCS (converter); integrators include energy storage system integration and EPC; end users include power generation side, grid side, user side and communication /Datacenter composition.

The bidirectional energy storage converter in the energy storage system is connected between the battery and the grid for grid-connected energy storage and microgrid energy storage. Its function is very powerful, it can realize the bidirectional conversion of electric energy, it can not only convert the direct current of the battery into alternating current and transmit it to the grid or use it directly, but also can convert the alternating current of the grid into direct current to charge the battery.

With the development of economy, large-scale utilization of renewable energy and realization of energy diversification have become an important strategy for sustainable development of countries around the world. Photovoltaic and wind power, as renewable energy sources, are clean power, but the power generation is fluctuating and cannot meet the all-weather dispatching requirements of the power grid. The stability and safety are lacking. Therefore, corresponding energy storage technologies are required to be matched at this time.

What are the applications of the photovoltaic + energy storage model?

Microgrid systems that can be installed at home

As early as 2009, researcher Zhang Huamin of Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics installed a 7kW photovoltaic power generation project on the roof of his house, realizing a micro-grid mode that uses only clean energy and 100% of electricity without thermal power. Every day, the electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation is stored up when it is not used up, which can fully meet the household electricity consumption.

The photovoltaic power station installed more than ten years ago can perfectly solve the household electricity consumption without relying on fossil energy-three electric appliances such as air conditioners, induction cookers, refrigerators and TV sets can operate perfectly for ten years, which fully shows that this kind of microgrid technology can be promoted.

Enterprises install optical storage integrated systems to greatly reduce energy costs

In addition to using photovoltaic + energy storage at home, enterprises can also adopt the “integration of photovoltaics and storage” model to greatly reduce the cost of energy consumption.

On July 27, the low-carbon office building of “Integration of Photovoltaic and Storage” in the High-tech Zone Power Supply Service Center of Chongqing Tongliang Power Supply Company of State Grid was put into use.

The photovoltaic power generation facilities on the roof of the office building of the service center are neatly arranged, with an installed capacity of 20 kilowatts. The office building is equipped with a 10-kilowatt energy storage device, which together form an “integrated optical storage” system.

So how much electricity can such an optical storage system save?

A 10-kilowatt energy storage device can be charged for one night during the low electricity price period and can supply a 1.5P inverter air conditioner to work for ten hours. The rooftop photovoltaic power generation facility can save about 10% of electricity for the entire office building. With the addition of 10 kilowatts of energy storage equipment, the “integration of photovoltaics and storage” can save about 35% of electricity in total.

Taking the office building of the Power Supply Service Center in the High-tech Zone as an example, the annual photovoltaic power generation is 6,000 kWh, and the peak and valley arbitrage of energy storage is 7,000 yuan per year, which can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 6 tons per year!

Optical storage charging station project

Photovoltaic storage and charging can also be applied to photovoltaic carport projects, combined with new energy vehicles to achieve richer application scenarios. The power of new energy vehicles and the power consumption of parking lots at night can all use clean power through energy storage and peak regulation.

In August, the demonstration project (Phase 1) of integrated light storage and charging in the parking lot of Yanzihu Ecological Tea Garden in Wuyi Mountain was just completed and put into operation.

Yanzihu Ecological Tea Garden is located in the main scenic area of Wuyi Mountain National Park. Every day, nearly 10,000 tourists come to Yanzihu Ecological Tea Garden for sightseeing and vacation, with large traffic flow and high parking density. In order to create a comfortable park environment for tourists and solve the anxiety of the surrounding new energy vehicle owners and travel mileage, the tea garden adopts the mode of integrated light storage and charging to quickly increase the power of new energy vehicles from 20% to 80%, realizing green Low carbon, cost reduction and efficiency increase.

“Traffic All-Scenario Friendly” Distributed Optical Storage Project

“Traffic full-scenario-friendly” distributed optical storage project refers to the use of various idle traffic assets such as road slopes, building roofs, spoil fields, tunnel isolation belts, service areas, toll stations, etc., to build distributed optical storage, which can be integrated The coordinated supply of multiple energy sources such as photovoltaic power generation, electrical energy storage, vehicle charging, wind-solar hydrogen storage, etc., to achieve efficient use of resources.

On August 7, the Pan-Dalian Expressway (in Sichuan) “Green Transportation Low-Carbon Expressway” distributed photovoltaic storage project invested and constructed by Sichuan Luqiao, a subsidiary of Shudao Group, was successfully connected to the grid across the board, marking my country’s first “all-scenario-friendly transportation” project. The “type” distributed optical storage project was officially put into operation.

The total installed capacity of the project is 2 megawatts, which solves the problems such as the utilization of spoil ground and the waterproof and heat insulation of houses. Friendly adaptation to road traffic.

The explosive growth of photovoltaics drives the take-off of energy storage, and the price will fall in the future, which is very promising

According to data from the National Energy Administration, from January to June 2022, the installed capacity of solar power generation nationwide will be 340GW, a year-on-year increase of 25.8%. With the booming photovoltaic market, the demand for energy storage continues to grow, and there is even a shortage of supply.

A photovoltaic energy storage system manufacturer in Jiangsu said in an interview with CCTV Finance Channel that the company’s entire production line is currently operating at full capacity, producing lithium battery cells required by the energy storage system. The company’s production volume in the first half of the year has reached five times that of the same period last year, and the order volume is eight times that of the same period last year.
It is understood that many energy storage companies have basically completed their annual business targets in the first half of 2022.

Wang Zheyu, co-chief analyst of power equipment and new energy industry of Essence Securities Research Center, analyzed: “In 2021, the year-on-year growth rate of global photovoltaic installations will reach about 20%, and the growth rate of energy storage will reach more than 200%. From this perspective In 2022, the global photovoltaic installed capacity will increase by about 30% year-on-year, and the energy storage side is expected to maintain a doubled growth.”

In response to the recent rise in the price of energy storage systems, which has made it difficult for downstream photovoltaic companies to allocate storage Ten thousand yuan / ton, an increase of 421.72% compared with the same period last year. Since the cost of lithium battery cells accounts for more than 60% of the cost of the energy storage system, the price of the energy storage system can only increase accordingly, and the energy storage is different from the power battery, and the price is currently difficult to transmit to the downstream.

On the one hand, the price of upstream battery raw materials will increase, and on the other hand, downstream photovoltaic companies will reduce costs. The profits of energy storage companies are currently facing a situation of being squeezed at both ends, and it has become a common phenomenon in the industry to increase revenue without gain. It is understood that the gross profit rate of domestic energy storage converters (PCS) is currently around 25%, and the gross profit rate of integrated systems is even lower, only 11%-13%, which does not have high profitability.

Facing the pressure of rising raw material prices, many energy storage companies have begun to expand to overseas markets and household markets. The electricity price difference in foreign countries is large and the electricity fee is also more expensive. Therefore, starting from the second half of 2021, household energy storage in foreign countries will show explosive growth, and distributed energy storage will gradually increase.

Although energy storage companies are facing certain pressure at this stage, industry insiders are still optimistic.

On the one hand, with the increase in the supply of raw materials for lithium batteries in the future, the cost of energy storage systems will inevitably fall slowly.

On the other hand, the “Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of a National Unified Electricity Market System” issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Energy Administration in January 2022 clearly stated that by 2025, a national unified electricity market system will be initially established, and through the comprehensive operation of the electricity market sector, The revenue model of energy storage will be more perfect.

The photovoltaic industry is ushering in a golden period of development. On the road of energy transformation, realizing high conversion rate, environmental protection and safe storage of large-scale photovoltaic power generation projects is undoubtedly the key to promoting the development of the photovoltaic industry.